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Contents

Page

1.1 Scope of SDTS

1.2 Implementation Resources

1.3 Conformance

1.3.1 General Conformance.

1.3.2 Data Quality

1.3.2.1 Form of a Quality Report.

1.3.2.2 Tests for Data Quality.

1.3.2.3 Quality Overlays.

1.3.3 Conformance Statement

1.3.4 Transfer Specification Conformance Field

1.3.4.1 Object Specification.

1.3.4.2 External Spatial Reference Conformance.

1.3.4.3 Features Level.

1.3.5 Private Agreements

1.4 References

1.5 Definitions

2.1 Conceptual Model

2.1.1 Model of Spatial Phenomena

2.1.2 Model of Spatial Objects

2.1.3 Model of Spatial Features

2.2 Classification and Intended Use of Objects

2.3 Definition of Spatial Objects

2.3.1 Definition of Zero-dimensional Spatial Object

2.3.1.1 Point (NP).

2.3.1.1.1 Entity point (NE).

2.3.1.1.2 Label point (NL).

2.3.1.1.3 Area point (NA).

2.3.1.2 Node (NO, NN).

2.3.2 Definition of One-dimensional Spatial Objects

2.3.2.1 Line Segment.

2.3.2.2 String (LS).

2.3.2.3 Arc (AC, AE, AU, AB).

2.3.2.4 Link (LQ).

2.3.2.5 Chain.

2.3.2.5.1 Complete chain (LE).

2.3.2.5.2 Area chain (LL).

2.3.2.5.3 Network chain (LW, LY).

2.3.2.6 Ring.

2.3.2.6.1 G-ring (RS, RA, RM).

2.3.2.6.2 GT-ring (RU).

2.3.3 Definition of Two-dimensional Spatial Objects

2.3.3.1 Interior Area.

2.3.3.2 G-Polygon (PG).

2.3.3.3 GT-Polygon (PR, PC).

2.3.3.3.1 Universe polygon (PU, PW).

2.3.3.3.2 Void polygon (PV, PX).

2.3.3.4 Pixel.

2.3.3.5 Grid Cell.

2.3.4 Definition of Two Dimensional Aggregate Spatial Objects

2.3.4.1 Digital Image (G2).

2.3.4.2 Grid (G2).

2.3.4.2.1 Rectangle Variant Grid (GV).

2.3.4.3 Layer.

2.3.4.4 Raster.

2.3.4.5 Graph.

2.3.4.5.1 Planar graph (GP).

2.3.4.5.2 Two-dimensional manifold (GT).

2.3.4.5.3 Network (GN).

2.3.5 Definition of Three-dimensional Spatial Objects

2.3.5.1 Voxel.

2.3.5.2 Voxel Space (G3).

3.1 Lineage

3.2 Positional Accuracy

3.2.1 Deductive Estimate.

3.2.2 Internal Evidence.

3.2.3 Comparison to Source.

3.2.4 Independent Source of Higher Accuracy.

3.3 Attribute Accuracy

3.3.1 Deductive Estimate.

3.3.2 Tests Based on Independent Samples.

3.3.3 Tests Based on Polygon Overlay.

3.4 Logical Consistency

3.4.1 Tests of Valid Values.

3.4.2 General Tests for Graphic Data.

3.4.3 Specific Topological Tests.

3.4.4 Date of Test.

3.5 Completeness

4.1 Spatial Data Transfer Models

4.1.1 The Conceptual Model of Spatial Data.

4.1.2 The Data Structure Model.

4.1.3 The Transfer Model.

4.1.3.1 Ordering Concepts.

4.1.3.2 Backus-Naur Form.

4.1.3.3 Implicit Relationships between Constructs.

4.1.3.3.1 Modules within a Spatial Data Transfer.

4.1.3.3.2 Module Records within Modules.

4.1.3.3.3 Module Fields within Module Records.

4.1.3.3.4 Subfields within Fields.

4.1.3.3.5 Optionality of Module Fields.

4.1.3.3.6 Optionality of Module Subfields.

4.1.3.3.7 Private Module Fields and Subfields.

4.1.3.3.8 Preservation of Order.

4.1.3.3.9 Nulls and Defaults.

4.1.3.4 Explicit Relationships between Constructs.

4.1.3.4.1 Modules, Records, Files, and Volumes.

4.1.3.4.2 Module Cross-References.

4.1.3.4.3 Modules and Spatial Domain.

4.1.3.4.4 Module Record Cross-References.

4.1.3.4.5 Wildcard Characters in References.

4.1.3.5 Spatial Registration.

4.1.3.5.1 Spatial Address and Coordinate Coding.

4.1.3.5.2 Latitude and Longitude.

4.1.3.5.3 Universal Transverse Mercator/Universal Polar Stereographic Grid Systems.

4.1.3.5.4 State Plane Coordinate Systems.

4.1.3.5.5 Altitude.

4.1.3.5.6 Nongeospatial Dimensions.

4.1.3.6 Attributes

4.1.3.6.1 Introduction.

4.1.3.6.2 Attributes and Schema.

4.1.3.6.3 Attributes and Entity.

4.1.3.6.4 Object and Entity.

4.1.3.6.5 Attributes and the Universe and Void Polygons.

4.1.3.6.6 Attribute Definition, Authority, and Domain.

4.1.3.6.7 Foreign Identifiers as Attributes.

4.1.3.6.8 Attribute Labels.

4.1.3.6.9 Using the Data Dictionary To Describe Raster Layers

4.2 Transfer Module Specification Conventions

4.2.1 Specification Layout

4.2.2 Generic Versus Explicit Specification

4.2.3 Notation and Naming Conventions

4.2.3.1 Explicit Specification.

4.2.3.2 Generic Specification.

4.2.3.3 Classes of Fields.

4.2.3.4 Repeated Subfields in Generic Specifications.

4.2.3.5 Variably Repeating Subfields.

4.2.3.6 Shared Module Field Types.

4.2.3.7 Subfields with Default Values.

4.2.3.8 Mandatory and Optional Presence and Absence of Fields.

4.2.3.9 Notation Summary.

5.1 Spatial Address and Foreign Identifier Fields

5.1.1 Spatial Address

5.1.2 Foreign Identifier

5.2 Global Information Modules

5.2.1 Identification Module

5.2.1.1 Identification Field.

5.2.1.2 Conformance Field.

5.2.1.2.1 Object specification subfields.

5.2.1.2.2 External spatial reference subfield.

5.2.1.2.3 Features level subfield.

5.2.1.2.4 Coding level subfield.

5.2.1.2.5 Nongeospatial Dimensions subfield.

5.2.2 Catalog Modules

5.2.2.1 Catalog/Directory Module.

5.2.2.2 Catalog/Cross-Reference Module.

5.2.2.3 Catalog/Spatial Domain Module.

5.2.3 Security Module

5.2.4 Spatial Reference Modules

5.2.4.1 Internal Spatial Reference Module.

5.2.4.2 External Spatial Reference Module.

5.2.4.3 Registration Module

5.2.4.4 Dimension Definition Module

5.2.5 Spatial Domain Module

5.2.6 Data Dictionary Modules

5.2.6.1 Data Dictionary/Definition Module.

5.2.6.2 . Data Dictionary/Domain Module.

5.2.6.3 Data Dictionary/Schema Module.

5.2.7 Transfer Statistics Module

5.3 Data Quality Modules

5.3.1 Lineage Module

5.3.2 Positional Accuracy Module

5.3.3 Attribute Accuracy Module

5.3.4 Logical Consistency Module

5.3.5 Completeness Module

5.4 Attribute Modules

5.4.1 Attribute Primary Module

5.4.2 Attribute Secondary Module

5.5 Composite Module

5.6 Vector Modules

5.6.1 Point-Node Module

5.6.2 Line Module

5.6.3 Arc Module

5.6.4 Ring Module

5.6.5 Polygon Module

5.7 Raster Modules

5.7.1 Raster Definition Module

5.7.2 Layer Definition Module

5.7.3 Cell Module

5.7.4 Object Representation Codes

5.7.5 Default Implementation

5.7.6 Tesseral Indexing.

5.7.7 Cell Encoding.

5.7.8 Registration of Cell Values to the External Reference system.

5.7.9 Radiometric Information.

5.7.10 Alternate Formats: Compression and Adjunct Files.

5.7.10.1 Run Length Encoding

5.8 Graphic Representation Modules

5.8.1 Text Representation Module

5.8.2 Line Representation Module

5.8.3 Symbol Representation Module

5.8.4 Area Fill Representation Module

5.8.5 Color Index Module

5.8.6 Font Index Module

A.1 Online Resources

A.2 Reference Software

A.3 SDTS Transfer Data Sets

A.4 Case Studies

B.1 Model of Spatial Phenomena

B.2 Model of Spatial Objects

B.3 Model of Spatial Features

C.1 Attribute Primary and Attribute Secondary Modules

C.2 Data Dictionary/Schema Module

C.3 Data Dictionary/Definition Module

C.4 Data Dictionary/Domain Module

C.5 Attribute Labels and SQL Keywords

C.6 Suggested Code Sets

D.1 Latitude and Longitude

D.1.1 Representation of Degrees

D.1.2 Hemisphere Representation

D.2 Universal Transverse Mercator/Universal Polar Stereographic Grid Systems

D.2.1 Universal Transverse Mercator Grid System

D.2.2 Universal Polar Stereographic Grid System

D.2.3 Hemisphere and Zone Representation

D.2.4 Unit of Measurement

D.2.5 State Plane Coordinate Systems

D.2.6 Zone Representation

D.2.7 Coordinate Representation

D.2.8 Unit of Measurement

D.3 Altitude

D.4 Using nongeospatial dimensions

E.1 Catalog/Directory

E.2 Catalog/Cross-Reference

E.3 Catalog/Spatial Domain

F.1 Intermodule References

F.2 SDTS Raster Objects

G.1 Overview of Reference Systems

G.2 Rules for Assigning Layer Coordinates to Cell Values.

G.3 Generating a Cartesian Label for a Raster Object.

G.4 Assigning a Layer Coordinate with Multiple Layers per Cell Module.

G.4.1 Assigning a Layer Coordinate to a Cell Value when the GI Sequence is used.

G.4.2 Assigning a Layer Coordinate to a Cell Value when the GJ Sequence is used.

G.4.3 Assigning a Layer Coordinate to a Cell Value when the GL Sequence is used.

G.4.4 Assigning Layer Coordinates to Cell Values Utilizing Tesseral Indexing.

G.5 How to Transform a Layer Coordinate into a Spatial Address

G.6 Transforming a Layer Coordinate to a Spatial Address using Labels.